Laminated materials



Nov. 30, 1954 W. T. MULLEN 2,695,854

LAMINATED MATERIALS Filed May 29, 1951 United States Patent 2,69554 Patented Nov. 30, 1954 ice LAMINATED MATERIALS William T. Mullen, Philadelphia, Pa.

Application May 29, 1951, Serial No. 228,948

4 Claims. (Cl. 154-51) This invention relates to laminated materials and more particularly to sheet material which is particularly useful in the field of building construction.

lt has heretofore been the practice in the field of building construction to employ sheet copper for flashing, roofing covering and the like, of desired thickness, the preferred weight for fiashing being identified as 16 ounce copper, i. e. sheet copper, weighing '16 ounces to the square foot. While copper is a desirable material for these purposes, because of its resistance to oxidation, it has objectionable characteristics in that with expansion and contraction it tends to lose its ductility and become brittle.

The supply of copper is also rather limited at times and at the present time is difficult to obtain, particularly for mere civilian uses.

it is the principal object of the present invention to provide sheet material, made from a plurality of components in laminated form, which is suitable for use in places where sheet copper has heretofore been employed and which has advantageous features not possessed by sheet copper.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a sheet material, made from a plurality of components in laminated form, which is suitable for use for flashings in building construction, for damp proofing, for membrane water proofing, for roofing covering, and for other purposes.

It is a further object f the present invention to provide sheet material, made from a plurality of components in laminated form, which is strong, light in weight, with a good body, permanent, waterproof, resistant to oxidation and corrosion, ductile, easily handled and capable of being bent to the required shape, retentive of its shape when bent, and which has other advantages.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide sheet material of the character aforesaid which requires a minimum of scarce or diflicult to obtain components.

Other objects and advantageous features of the invention will be apparent from the specification and claims.

The nature and characteristic features of the invention wiil be more readily understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing forming part hereof, in which:

The figure is a fragmentary sectional view in perspective of sheet material in accordance with the present invention, with the thickness of the sheet and of the laminations greatly exaggerated for purposes of illustration.

lt should of course, be understood that the description and drawing herein are illustrative merely, and that various modifications and changes may be made in the structure disclosed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, the sheet material in accordance with the present invention as there illustrated comprises a plurality of laminations of specific components, hereinafter more fully described, in adherent engagement.

The outer or weather sheet preferably consists of 'a lamina of electrolytic sheet copper, of a thickness of the order of 0.00135 inch and of a weight of the order of one ounce per square foot.

The inner face of the sheet 10 preferably has an asphalt coating 11 in adherent engagement therewith, the coating 11 being of a thickness resulting from the application of about 27 pounds per thousand square feet.

In adherent engagement with the coating 11, also, and on the opposite side from the lamina 10, a metallic lamina 12 is provided, preferably consisting of a lead aloy foil or sheet of a thickness of the order of 0.0025 inch. While any preferred alloy may be employed. an alloy consisting of about 99.8% of lead, and with antimony added to increase the stiffness has been found satisfactory.

The inner face of the lamina 12 has an asphalt coating 13 in adherent engagement therewith, of the same or substantially the same characteristics as the coating 11.

In adherent engagement with the coating 13, also, and on the opposed side from the lamina 12, a paper lamina 14 is provided. While any strong paper may be employed, a machine creped kraft paper, weighing about 45 pounds per ream has been found suitable.

The inner face of the lamina 14 has an asphalt coating 15 in adherent engagement therewith, of the same or substantially the same characteristics as the coating 11 but with glass fiber reinforcement therein for added strength and reduction of tendency to tear or rupture. For this purpose a woven scrim with four fiberglass strands per inch in each direction, with a warp tensile strength of 32 pounds per inch of width and a weft or lling tensile strength of 26 pounds per inch of width has been found satisfactory.

On the outer face of the coating 15, a paper lamina 16 is provided, preferably of the same or similar characteristics to those of the lamina 14.

The respective lamina are brought together in any desired manner and in adherent engagement as heretofore pointed out.

The sheet material thus provided has been found suitable and acceptable for many of the uses for which 16 ounce copper sheets are now employed, requires only a small fraction of the total copper required for such copper sheets, and weighs only about one-third as much, thus reducing the cost of transportation and increasing the ease of handling.

The sheet material as thus provided seems to have an improved ductility and reduced brittleness in the lamina 10, and is readily cut, bent, shaped and formed, and when formed retains its shape. It also is permanent, water-proof and vapor-proof, resistant to oxidation and corrosion, has a good body, and at the same time is both stronger and lower in manufacturing cost than comparable sheet copper. Additionally, the sheet material thus provided can be nailed and holds better than sheet metal. The overlapping joints at the edges or ends of the sheets in use may be readily sealed with asphalt.

I claim.

1. Sheet material comprising a plurality of laminations with outer lamina of electrolytic sheet copper and paper, an inner lamina of lead foil, and asphaltic coatings interposed between said lamina and adherent thereto, one of said coatings having fiber glass reinforcement embedded therein, said sheet material being readily bendable and retaining the shape to which it is bent.

2. Sheet material comprising a first lamina of electrolytic sheet copper, a rst asphaltic coating adherent to one face of said first lamina, a second lamina of lead foil adherent to said first coating, a second asphaltic coating adherent to said second lamina, and a third lamina of creped kraft paper adherent to said second coating, said sheet material being readily bendable and retaining the shape to which it is bent.

3. Sheet material comprising a first lamina of electrolytic sheet copper, a first asphaltic coating adherent to one face of said first lamina, a second lamina of lead foil adherent to said first coating, a second asphaltic coating adherent to said second lamina, a third lamina of creped kraft paper adherent to said second coating, a third asphaltic coating adherent to said third lamina, and a fourth lamina of creped kraft paper in adherent engagement with said third coating, said sheet material being readily bendable and retaining the shape to which it is bent and being waterproof.

4. Sheet material comprising a first lamina of electrolytic sheet copper, a first asphaltic coating adherent to one face of said first lamina, a second lamina of lead 3 4 alloy foil adherent to said rst coalting, a seconld asphaltic References Cited in the le of this patent coating adherent to said second amina, a t rd amina of creped kraft paper adherent to said second coating, UNITED STATES PATENTS a third asphaltic coating adherent to said third lamina, Number Name Date said third coating having fiber glass reinforcement ern- 5 198,209 Outerbridge Dec. 18, 1877 beded therein, and a fourth lamina of creped kraft paper 1,529,463 Burnside Mar. 10, 1925 in adherent engagement with said third coating, said 1,909,862 Honegger May 16, 1933 sheet material being readily bendable and retaining the 2,131,085 Anderton Sept. 27I 1938 shape to which it is bent and being Waterproof. 2,270,734 Kirschbraun J an. 20, 1942 10 2,383,701 Becker et al. Aug. 28, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 396,471 France Jan. 27, 1945 

4. SHEET MATERIAL COMPRISING A FIRST LAMINA OF ELECTROLYTIC SHEET COPPER, A FIRST ASPHALTIC COATING ADHERENT TO ONE FACE OF SAID FIRST LAMINA, A SECOND LAMINA OF LEAD ALLOY FOIL ADHERENT TO SAID FIRST COATING, A SECOND ASPHALTIC COATING ADHERENT TO SAID SECOND LAMINA, A THIRD LAMINA OF CREPED KRAFT PAPER ADHERENT TO SAID SECOND COATING, A THIRD ASPHALTIC COATING ADHERENT TO SAID THIRD LAMINA, SAID THIRD COATING HAVING FIBER GLASS REINFORCEMENT EMBEDED THEREIN, AND A FOURTH LAMINA OF CREPED KRAFT PAPER IN ADHERENT ENGAGEMENT WITH SAID THIRD COATING, SAID SHEET MATERIAL BEING READILY BENDABLE AND RETAINING THE SHAPE TO WHICH IT IS BENT AND BEING WATERPROOF. 